{"id":1030,"date":"2026-05-15T14:43:54","date_gmt":"2026-05-15T06:43:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nolletfilter.com\/?p=1030"},"modified":"2026-05-15T14:43:54","modified_gmt":"2026-05-15T06:43:54","slug":"where-mbr-membrane-module-is-used-in-modern-water-treatment-plants","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nolletfilter.com\/ar\/where-mbr-membrane-module-is-used-in-modern-water-treatment-plants\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 MBR \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n
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\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u00ab\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628\u00bb \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621\u00bb\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645.<\/p>\n

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    \n
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    1. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n

    \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 MBR \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

    \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 MBR \u062c\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a MBR \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639 BOD\u2085 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 1 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648TSS \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 2 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 MBR \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 40% \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 25\u201340%. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627.<\/p>\n

    2. \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n

    \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 MBR \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n

    \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a COD \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u063a\/\u0644\u062a\u0631. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 MBR \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a.<\/p>\n

    \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 MBR \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 MBR \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0643\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

    3. \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d<\/h3>\n

    \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 MBR. \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 MBR \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n

    \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0644 MBR\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0641\u0636 BOD \u0645\u0646 200 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648TSS \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 1 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d.<\/p>\n

    \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n

    4. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0631\u0634\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0646<\/h3>\n

    \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0631\u0634\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

    \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 MBR \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n

    5. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n

    \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 MBR \u062d\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0646\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

    \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 MBR \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n

    \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u2014\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 MBR \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

    \"MBR
    \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 MBR<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646: \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/span><\/h2>\n

    \u0644\u0648 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 MBR \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629. \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 PVDF \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 201 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025\u2014\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 34% \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020<\/span>. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 71%<\/span>. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627\u2014\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 PVDF \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u2014including variants \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0646\u2014\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 57% \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u2014\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/span>. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621. \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 MBR \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 18% \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

    MBR \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 CAS \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 MBBR: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628<\/span><\/h2>\n

    \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 MBR\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 (CAS) \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 (MBBR). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 (CAS)<\/span><\/strong><\/th>\nMBBR<\/span><\/strong><\/th>\n\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 MBR<\/span><\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629 (TSS 10\u201330 \u0645\u0644\u063a\/\u0644\u062a\u0631)<\/span><\/td>\n\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 (TSS \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 20 \u0645\u0644\u063a\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a)<\/span><\/td>\n\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 (TSS \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 1\u20132 \u0645\u0644\u063a\/\u0644\u062a\u0631)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631)<\/span><\/td>\n25\u201330% \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 CAS<\/span><\/td>\n40\u201350% \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 CAS<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 (OPEX)<\/span><\/td>\n$0.02\u20130.40\/\u0645\u00b3<\/span><\/td>\n\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 MBR)<\/span><\/td>\n$0.09\u20130.45\/\u0645\u00b3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n0.30\u20130.64 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0637 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629\/\u0645\u00b3<\/span><\/td>\n\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 MBR<\/span><\/td>\n0.40\u20131.15 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0637 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629\/\u0645\u00b3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0623\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/td>\n\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 (\u064a\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/td>\n\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 (\u062a\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641locs)<\/span><\/td>\n\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631)<\/span><\/td>\n\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 (\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0647\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/td>\n\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

    \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 2025\u061b \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a 2024<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

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