{"id":1102,"date":"2026-09-03T13:49:02","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T05:49:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nolletfilter.com\/?p=1102"},"modified":"2026-09-03T13:49:02","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T05:49:02","slug":"why-trust-our-reverse-osmosis-membrane-for-ultrapure-water","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nolletfilter.com\/ja\/why-trust-our-reverse-osmosis-membrane-for-ultrapure-water\/","title":{"rendered":"\u306a\u305c\u8d85\u9ad8\u7d14\u6c34\u7528\u306e\u9006\u6d78\u900f\u819c\u3092\u5f53\u793e\u306b\u3054\u4fe1\u983c\u3044\u305f\u3060\u3051\u307e\u3059\u304b\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ultrapure water quality is essential for industries such as semiconductor manufacturing, pharmaceutical production, and power generation, where trace contaminants can directly affect process stability and product quality. A high-performance reverse osmosis membrane<\/strong><\/a><\/span> provides the foundation for stable water purification by combining high salt rejection, consistent permeate flow, and long-term operating reliability.<\/p>\n

Based on practical requirements in industrial water treatment applications, Nollet develops RO membrane solutions with rejection rates exceeding 99.6%<\/strong>, optimized operating pressure, and enhanced fouling resistance to help facilities improve purification efficiency, reduce maintenance frequency, and maintain stable ultrapure water production.<\/p>\n

What Makes a Reverse Osmosis Membrane Truly Reliable for Industrial Ultrapure Water?<\/h2>\n

The reliability of an industrial reverse osmosis membrane<\/strong> depends on more than its initial rejection rate. Long-term performance is determined by membrane materials, manufacturing precision, surface characteristics, and how consistently the membrane performs under real operating conditions.<\/p>\n

Nollet RO membrane elements<\/strong> are based on an aromatic polyamide thin-film composite (TFC) structure, a widely used membrane technology for high-purity water treatment, desalination, and industrial water purification. Compared with traditional cellulose-based membranes, aromatic polyamide composites provide improved chemical stability and enable the development of thinner separation layers with high salt rejection and efficient water permeability.<\/p>\n

The membrane surface is further optimized through enhanced hydrophilicity, controlled surface roughness, and balanced surface charge properties. These features help reduce the attachment of organic compounds and suspended contaminants, improving fouling resistance and supporting more stable operation in demanding water treatment environments.<\/p>\n

For facilities producing ultrapure water, such as semiconductor fabs, pharmaceutical plants, and power generation facilities, a reliable reverse osmosis membrane<\/strong> must deliver consistent permeate quality while reducing cleaning frequency and maintenance requirements. By combining advanced membrane materials with optimized surface engineering, Nollet provides fouling-resistant RO membrane solutions<\/strong> designed for long-term industrial operation.<\/p>\n

Reverse Osmosis Membrane Performance Comparison by Type<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u52a0\u5727\u819c\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0<\/span><\/th>\nFouling-Resistant Type (NL@RO-HFR-400)<\/span><\/th>\nSeawater Type (NL@RO-RSW1-400)<\/span><\/th>\nSeawater High-Rejection Type (NL@RO-RSW3-440)<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Effective Area (m\u00b2)<\/span><\/td>\n37.2<\/span><\/td>\n37.2<\/span><\/td>\n37.2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4f9b\u7d66\u30c1\u30e3\u30cd\u30eb\uff08mil\uff09<\/span><\/td>\n34<\/span><\/td>\n28<\/span><\/td>\n28<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Average Water Production GPD (m\u00b3\/d)<\/span><\/td>\n10,500 (39.7)<\/span><\/td>\n9,000 (34.1)<\/span><\/td>\n6,000 (22.7)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sulfate Rejection Rate (%)<\/span><\/td>\n99.6<\/span><\/td>\n99.75<\/span><\/td>\n99.85<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Data source: Nollet product specifications<\/span><\/p>\n

The numbers tell a clear story. Even the fouling-resistant variant delivers 99.6% sulfate rejection, while the seawater high-rejection type pushes that figure to 99.85%<\/span>. For context, a 99.85% rejection rate on a feed with 35,000 ppm TDS (typical seawater) yields permeate with approximately 52.5 ppm TDS\u2014an extraordinary reduction that makes subsequent polishing stages far more efficient.<\/span><\/p>\n

Surface Engineering: The Key to Longer RO Membrane Life<\/h2>\n

For industrial water treatment operators, membrane performance is not determined only by initial specifications. Long-term reliability depends on how well a reverse osmosis membrane<\/strong> maintains stable rejection performance, water production, and operating efficiency throughout its service life.<\/p>\n

The growing demand for semiconductor manufacturing, pharmaceutical production, power generation, and water reuse applications has increased the need for more reliable industrial reverse osmosis membrane<\/strong> solutions. As water treatment systems operate under increasingly complex conditions, factors such as fouling resistance, energy consumption, and maintenance requirements have become critical considerations when selecting an RO membrane.<\/p>\n

\"Reverse
Reverse Osmosis Membrane<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

How Does Membrane Fouling Affect Operating Costs?<\/h3>\n

Membrane fouling is one of the main factors contributing to increased operating costs in RO systems. When contaminants accumulate on the membrane surface, feed pressure may need to increase to maintain production capacity, resulting in higher energy consumption.<\/p>\n

Fouling can also lead to:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • More frequent chemical cleaning requirements<\/li>\n
  • Increased chemical consumption and wastewater generation<\/li>\n
  • Additional system downtime<\/li>\n
  • Shortened membrane replacement cycles<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    For this reason, selecting a fouling resistant RO membrane<\/strong> is essential for maintaining stable performance and reducing long-term operating expenses.<\/p>\n

    How Does Surface Engineering Improve Fouling Resistance?<\/h3>\n

    The surface engineering applied to advanced RO membrane elements<\/strong>\u2014including enhanced hydrophilicity, optimized surface charge, and controlled surface roughness\u2014helps reduce the tendency of contaminants to accumulate on the membrane surface.<\/p>\n

    These improvements work through several mechanisms:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Enhanced hydrophilicity:<\/strong> A more hydrophilic surface improves water interaction and helps reduce organic fouling by maintaining a hydration layer between the membrane and contaminants.<\/li>\n
    • Optimized surface charge:<\/strong> Adjusted charge properties help minimize electrostatic attraction between the membrane surface and charged particles or colloids.<\/li>\n
    • Controlled surface roughness:<\/strong> A smoother membrane surface provides fewer attachment points where particulate matter and organic compounds can accumulate.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      By improving resistance to fouling, the membrane can maintain more consistent permeate quality and extend the intervals between cleaning cycles.<\/p>\n

      How Does Fouling Resistance Extend Membrane Service Life?<\/h3>\n

      A membrane that fouls more slowly can maintain stable operation for a longer period. The actual lifespan of an RO membrane depends on factors including feed water quality, pretreatment performance, operating pressure, temperature, and maintenance practices.<\/p>\n

      Industry experience shows that RO membranes commonly provide several years of reliable service in properly managed systems. Thin-film composite membranes typically achieve a service life of around 3\u20135 years, while optimized operating conditions and effective fouling control can help extend performance toward the higher end of this range.<\/p>\n

      For ultrapure water treatment systems<\/strong>, improved membrane durability provides several practical benefits:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Longer operating intervals between cleanings<\/li>\n
      • More stable permeate quality<\/li>\n
      • Reduced maintenance frequency<\/li>\n
      • Lower overall lifecycle costs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        How Does Operating Pressure Influence Energy Consumption?<\/h3>\n

        Lower operating pressure is another important consideration when evaluating an industrial reverse osmosis membrane<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

        A membrane that delivers high rejection rates while maintaining efficient water permeability can reduce the workload of high-pressure pumps and improve the overall energy efficiency of an RO membrane system<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

        For large-scale facilities operating continuously, such as semiconductor fabs, pharmaceutical plants, and power generation facilities, improvements in pressure requirements, cleaning frequency, and membrane lifespan can contribute to significant lifecycle savings.<\/p>\n

        By combining advanced surface engineering, fouling resistance, and efficient separation performance, high-quality reverse osmosis membrane elements<\/strong> provide a reliable solution for demanding water purification applications.<\/p>\n

        Why Do High Rejection Rates Matter Beyond the Numbers on a Datasheet?<\/h2>\n

        A 99.6% rejection rate<\/strong> sounds impressive, but what does it actually mean for your operation?<\/p>\n

        For industrial ultrapure water systems<\/strong>, rejection performance directly affects downstream purification efficiency, operating costs, and final water quality.<\/p>\n

        Supporting Ultrapure Water Production in Semiconductor Manufacturing<\/h3>\n

        Consider a semiconductor fab producing ultrapure water for wafer rinsing.<\/p>\n

        The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and Semiconductor Equipment and Materials International (SEMI) specify strict requirements, including 18.2 M\u03a9\u00b7cm resistivity<\/strong> and parts-per-trillion limits for specific contaminants.<\/p>\n

        Any impurities that pass through the reverse osmosis membrane<\/strong> stage must be removed by downstream polishing processes, such as:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Mixed-bed ion exchange<\/li>\n
        • Electrodeionization (EDI)<\/li>\n
        • Ultraviolet oxidation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          A higher rejection rate reduces the contaminant load entering these polishing stages. For example, improving rejection from 99.0% to 99.6% can significantly reduce salt loading, helping extend polishing resin life, reduce EDI regeneration frequency, and improve overall system efficiency.<\/p>\n

          Ensuring Reliable Water Quality in Pharmaceutical Production<\/h3>\n

          For pharmaceutical applications, water quality requirements are even more demanding.<\/p>\n

          The US Pharmacopeia (USP) and European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) define strict limits for:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Conductivity<\/li>\n
          • Total organic carbon (TOC)<\/li>\n
          • Bacterial endotoxins<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            A high-performance RO membrane<\/strong> provides the first critical barrier against dissolved contaminants before final purification stages for Water for Injection (WFI) and Purified Water production.<\/p>\n

            Reverse osmosis has been widely used in pharmaceutical, semiconductor, and power generation industries because it can continuously remove dissolved ions, organic compounds, and particulate matter without chemical regeneration during the primary separation process.<\/p>\n

            Improving Efficiency in Seawater Desalination<\/h3>\n

            The seawater desalination models in this product line achieve:<\/p>\n

              \n
            • 99.75% sulfate rejection<\/strong><\/li>\n
            • 99.85% sulfate rejection<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              For coastal facilities, power plants, and municipal water systems using seawater feed, these high rejection rates help reduce the load on downstream treatment processes.<\/p>\n

              A 0.25% difference in rejection may appear small, but in large-scale desalination systems, it can translate into higher permeate quality, reduced chemical consumption, and lower post-treatment requirements.<\/p>\n

              Where Does This Reverse Osmosis Membrane Deliver the Most Value?<\/h2>\n

              The application flexibility of these reverse osmosis membrane elements<\/strong> makes them suitable for various water treatment scenarios, including:<\/p>\n

                \n
              • Complex feed water treatment<\/li>\n
              • Seawater desalination<\/li>\n
              • Brackish water desalination<\/li>\n
              • Surface and groundwater purification<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                Semiconductor Manufacturing<\/h3>\n

                Ultrapure water is essential for semiconductor fabrication. A typical 300 mm wafer fab consumes millions of gallons of UPW daily, requiring extremely low levels of dissolved ions, metals, organics, particles, and bacteria.<\/p>\n

                The RO stage typically operates in a double-pass configuration:<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • The first pass provides bulk desalination.<\/li>\n
                • The second pass further improves water quality before final polishing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  For semiconductor applications, low-pressure and ultra-low-pressure models help reduce energy consumption while maintaining stable production.<\/p>\n

                  The NL@RO-HLP-440 delivers 13,800 GPD (52.2 m\u00b3\/d) at 99.3% rejection, while the NL@RO-HULP-440 produces 10,000 GPD (37.8 m\u00b3\/d) at 99% rejection.<\/p>\n

                  Pharmaceutical Production<\/h3>\n

                  Pharmaceutical manufacturers require purified water and WFI that comply with strict quality standards.<\/p>\n

                  The fouling-resistant NL@RO-HFR-400 is designed for applications where feed water quality may fluctuate. Its 34-mil feed channel provides improved flow conditions, reduced pressure drop, and better cleaning performance compared with narrower feed channels.<\/p>\n

                  Power Generation<\/h3>\n

                  Power plants require high-purity water for boiler feed and steam generation. Dissolved solids can contribute to scaling, reduced heat transfer efficiency, and equipment damage.<\/p>\n

                  The seawater desalination variants help coastal power plants reduce TDS levels before further polishing treatment, improving the reliability of high-pressure boiler systems.<\/p>\n

                  Municipal Water Treatment<\/h3>\n

                  Municipalities increasingly rely on desalination and advanced water treatment due to water scarcity, groundwater salinity, and increasing contamination risks.<\/p>\n

                  With stable desalination performance and multiple configurations available, Nollet industrial RO membranes<\/strong> provide flexible solutions for seawater, brackish water, and surface water treatment. The product range includes fouling-resistant, low-pressure, ultra-low-pressure, and seawater desalination membrane elements, allowing system designers to select the most suitable configuration based on feed water conditions and production requirements.<\/p>\n

                  What Do Industry Standards and Testing Protocols Say About RO Membrane Performance?<\/h2>\n

                  Trust isn\u2019t built on marketing claims\u2014it\u2019s built on measurable performance against recognized standards.<\/p>\n

                  The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has established specific test methods for evaluating reverse osmosis membrane performance<\/strong>. International standards such as ISO and ASTM provide standardized methods for evaluating membrane performance, including salt rejection, flux, and separation efficiency. ISO 20466:2024 provides guidance for classifying recycled reverse osmosis membranes used in water reuse systems.<\/p>\n

                  These standards define key evaluation criteria, including salt rejection rate, flux, and separation efficiency, allowing more reliable comparisons between different membrane products.<\/p>\n

                  Industry testing typically uses standardized feed solutions\u2014often sodium chloride solutions\u2014with controlled concentration, temperature, pressure, and recovery rate. The measured rejection rate under these conditions provides a consistent reference for evaluating RO membrane performance<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

                  ASTM D4195-23 also highlights that membrane performance can vary depending on feed water composition, ionic concentration, and operating temperature.<\/p>\n

                  Therefore, a rejection rate of 99.6% or 99.85% represents performance under defined test conditions. Actual results may vary based on feed water chemistry and operating parameters, but standardized testing remains an important reference when selecting an industrial reverse osmosis membrane.<\/p>\n

                  Reverse Osmosis Membrane Selection Guide by Application<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n
                  \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  \u7528\u9014<\/th>\nRecommended Model<\/th>\nKey Advantage<\/th>\nTypical Feed Source<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
                  Semiconductor UPW<\/td>\nNL@RO-HLP-440 or NL@RO-HULP-440<\/td>\nLow\/ultra-low pressure reduces energy cost<\/td>\nMunicipal or well water<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Pharmaceutical Purified Water<\/td>\nNL@RO-HFR-400<\/td>\nFouling resistance handles variable feed<\/td>\nPotable or pretreated water<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \u6d77\u6c34\u6de1\u6c34\u5316<\/td>\nNL@RO-RSW1-400 or NL@RO-RSW3-440<\/td>\n99.75\u201399.85% rejection<\/td>\nSeawater (35,000 ppm TDS)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Brackish Water Treatment<\/td>\nNL@RO-HLP-440<\/td>\nHigh production at moderate pressure<\/td>\nBrackish groundwater<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Power Generation Boiler Feed<\/td>\nNL@RO-RSW1-400<\/td>\nConsistent permeate quality<\/td>\nSeawater or surface water<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Industrial Wastewater Reuse<\/td>\nNL@RO-HFR-400<\/td>\nWider feed channel resists fouling<\/td>\nTreated effluent<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

                  Data source: Nollet product specification<\/em><\/p>\n

                  How Does This Membrane Compare to Alternative Technologies?<\/h2>\n

                  Choosing the right water purification technology depends on feed water conditions, purity requirements, and operating costs. While technologies such as ion exchange, nanofiltration, and electrodialysis each have their own advantages, reverse osmosis membrane technology<\/strong> remains one of the most widely used solutions for ultrapure water production and high-efficiency desalination.<\/p>\n

                  Reverse Osmosis vs. Ion Exchange<\/h3>\n

                  Ion exchange removes dissolved ions by exchanging them with ions stored in resin beds. It can achieve very high purity levels, especially for low-TDS feed water. However, the process requires chemical regeneration using acids and caustics, which increases chemical consumption, wastewater generation, and maintenance requirements.<\/p>\n

                  By comparison, a reverse osmosis membrane<\/strong> performs separation through a physical filtration process without chemical regeneration during operation. It removes a wide range of contaminants, including dissolved salts, organic compounds, particulates, and microorganisms.<\/p>\n

                  For high-TDS applications such as seawater and brackish water treatment, RO is often more economical than ion exchange because the chemical requirements for resin regeneration would become impractical.<\/p>\n

                  In many ultrapure water systems, RO and ion exchange are complementary technologies rather than direct alternatives. RO typically performs the primary desalination step, removing approximately 95\u201399% of dissolved solids, while ion exchange or electrodeionization (EDI) provides final polishing.<\/p>\n

                  Reverse Osmosis vs. Nanofiltration<\/h3>\n

                  Nanofiltration (NF) is sometimes considered a less aggressive alternative to RO. NF membranes have larger pore structures and are particularly effective at removing divalent ions such as calcium and magnesium, while allowing more monovalent ions such as sodium and chloride to pass through.<\/p>\n

                  NF operates at lower pressure than RO and can be suitable for applications where partial softening or selective ion removal is required.<\/p>\n

                  However, for ultrapure water production<\/strong>, where maximum dissolved contaminant removal is required, RO membranes remain the preferred choice<\/strong>. The 99%+ rejection rates achievable with advanced reverse osmosis membrane elements cannot typically be matched by nanofiltration systems.<\/p>\n

                  Reverse Osmosis vs. Electrodialysis<\/h3>\n

                  Electrodialysis (ED) uses an electric field and ion-selective membranes to remove dissolved ions from water. It can be effective for brackish water desalination with moderate TDS levels.<\/p>\n

                  However, ED efficiency decreases as salt concentration increases due to higher electrical resistance. It also requires more complex control systems and has limited effectiveness for removing non-ionic contaminants.<\/p>\n

                  For seawater desalination and high-purity water applications, reverse osmosis remains a widely adopted solution<\/strong> because it can remove a broad range of dissolved contaminants regardless of their electrical charge.<\/p>\n

                  The reverse osmosis membrane elements<\/strong> discussed in this article use advanced thin-film composite technology. The aromatic polyamide barrier layer provides high selectivity for ultrapure water applications, while the reinforced support structure delivers the mechanical strength required for long-term operation.<\/p>\n

                  What Does the Future Hold for Reverse Osmosis Membrane Technology?<\/h2>\n

                  The reverse osmosis membrane market<\/strong> continues to evolve as industries demand higher efficiency, lower energy consumption, and more reliable water treatment solutions.<\/p>\n

                  Material innovation, stricter environmental requirements, and changing industrial water needs are driving the development of membranes with improved rejection performance, fouling resistance, and service life.<\/p>\n

                  Future RO membrane technology trends include:<\/p>\n

                  Higher rejection with lower energy consumption.<\/strong>
                  Ultra-low-pressure membrane designs represent this direction by maintaining high rejection performance while reducing operating pressure and energy requirements, especially in large-scale desalination systems.<\/p>\n

                  Improved fouling resistance.<\/strong>
                  Fouling-resistant membranes with optimized surface properties and wider feed channels help maintain stable operation when treating complex feed water with higher organic content or variable quality.<\/p>\n

                  Longer service life.<\/strong>
                  Extending membrane lifespan reduces replacement frequency, maintenance costs, and system downtime. With typical RO membrane service life ranging from 3\u20137 years depending on operating conditions, improved durability remains a key development focus.<\/p>\n

                  Broader application flexibility.<\/strong>
                  Modern membrane solutions are increasingly designed to handle diverse water sources, including seawater, brackish water, surface water, and industrial wastewater, providing greater flexibility for system designers and operators.<\/p>\n

                  The continued growth of the global reverse osmosis membrane industry<\/strong> reflects increasing demand for efficient desalination, water reuse, and ultrapure water production technologies.<\/p>\n

                  \u7d50\u8ad6<\/h2>\n

                  Choosing a reliable reverse osmosis membrane requires more than comparing datasheet numbers. Performance consistency, fouling resistance, energy efficiency, and application suitability determine the long-term value of an RO system.<\/p>\n

                  For ultrapure water applications in semiconductor, pharmaceutical, power generation, and industrial water treatment, Nollet provides high-performance membrane elements designed for stable operation and reliable contaminant removal.<\/p>\n

                  Contact Nollet\u2019s technical team to discuss your feed water conditions, system requirements, and membrane selection. We can help identify the right reverse osmosis membrane solution for your application.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  99.6%+\u306e\u9664\u53bb\u7387\u3001\u6c5a\u308c\u3078\u306e\u8010\u6027\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u7523\u696d\u7528\u9014\u5411\u3051\u306e\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306a\u6027\u80fd\u3092\u5099\u3048\u305f\u3001\u4fe1\u983c\u6027\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u8d85\u9ad8\u7d14\u6c34\u751f\u6210\u7528\u9006\u6d78\u900f\u819c\u3092\u3054\u89a7\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1103,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[127,219,221,220,222],"class_list":["post-1102","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-industry-news","tag-industrial-water-treatment","tag-reverse-osmosis-membrane","tag-ro-membrane-technology","tag-ultrapure-water-system","tag-water-desalination-solutions"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nolletfilter.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1102","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nolletfilter.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nolletfilter.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nolletfilter.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nolletfilter.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1102"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nolletfilter.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1102\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nolletfilter.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1103"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nolletfilter.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1102"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nolletfilter.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1102"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nolletfilter.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1102"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}